The thermal conductivity of titanium rods and titanium alloys is poor. The thermal conductivity of titanium rods and titanium alloys is usually only 1/15 of that of alloys and 1/5 of that of steel. The lower thermal conductivity leads to a significant temperature difference along the cross-section of the hot B-inch ingot and billet, resulting in significant thermal stress and, in severe cases, the formation of cracks. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the heating speed, choose appropriate temperature, deformation speed, deformation rate, and deformation equipment.

Polycrystalline transformation of titanium rods and titanium alloys. Titanium exhibits a - β phase transition. Heating to p temperature can significantly improve plasticity and reduce deformation resistance, but deformation in the β zone is not conducive to obtaining a microstructure with good performance.

The cold deformation ability of titanium alloy is low. The cold deformation of most titanium alloys is relatively difficult, and slight preheating (up to 200-300T) can significantly reduce deformation resistance and improve plasticity.

Titanium is easy to bond and deform molds. This trend can easily deteriorate the surface quality of processed materials and impose stricter requirements on deformation tools, molds, and process lubrication.

High flexural strength ratio and low elastic modulus. It is difficult to straighten in a cold state.

When formulating production processes, the above processing characteristics should be fully considered.